I sat in the Price Center on the computers. I spent hours a night searching the web and copying and pasting websites with quadrant examples onto my account. It turned out most every website I copied and pasted. Now I'm not even sure if I still have access to that account. But I read about how Aristotle delineated the four elements. He stated that there were two dyads of qualities that entities have. They are hot or cold. Things are also wet or dry. By creating combinations of these four qualities, four elements are produced. Air is hot, in that it rises, and wet in that it fills its container. Water is cold in that it sinks, and wet in that it fills its container. Earth is cold in that it sinks, and dry in that it maintains its form. Fire is hot in that it rises, and dry in that it does not fill its container, and maintains a form. I later learned that the four forces of physics are derived similarly from a combination of two dichotomies. The strong force is the microcosm, unifying forces. The weak force is microcosm, separating. Electromagnetism is macrocosm, separating. Gravity is macrocosm, unifying.

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Aristotle said that there was a fifth ultra transcendent element. The fifth element is always ultra transcendent. The fifth element is like God. The fifth element is the aether. The fourth aspect of the quadrant model is always transcendent, and the fifth is ultra transcendent. Aristotle said that the aether is hot cold wet and dry all together. Similarly there is a fifth force of physics, dark matter. But some physicists say it is not a fifth force, but just an aspect of gravity. The fourth, gravity, points to the fifth. Fire, points to, or in other words, indicates the nature of aether. Aristotle said the Aether made up the stars, but it also was ubiquitous, and caused everything to be. In the same way, dark matter is ultra transcendent.

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It is important to note that Empedocles, the PreSocratic philosopher who proclaimed the four elements, argued that fire was different from the previous three. He said fire was opposed to water, earth and air. This is the three plus one pattern that Jung described where the fourth is always different. Similarly, Galen and Hippocrates and the ancient doctors of medicine taught that there was four humours, again, derived from two dualities, and they always taught that one of the four humours was different from the other three. Even some argued that there were only three humours, not including the fourth transcendent humour. The hindus argued that there was three humours, what they call dosas, but there is a hindu text, the sushruta samhita, that agrees that there is a fourth dosa http://www.greekmedicine.net/b_p/Greek_Medicine_and_Ayurveda.html.   The fourth is always different. The pattern of the first three being similar and a fourth that is added and different pervades reality. It is interesting to note that most ancient cultures only counted up to four and the number four was seen as different to them. Even most ancient cultures, when representing number, would represent the first three numbers in a similar fashion, but would represent the number four differently. Deheane for instance points out that almost all ancient cultures represented the first three numbers similarly. An example is the Roman numerals where the numbers one, two, and three are all depicted as lines I, II, and III. But most cultures he explains represented four differently. Roman numerals four is depicted as IV with a V. Deheane says that all culures depicted five as different. Some cultures depicted one, two, three and four similarly, and five different. Most depicted four as different, some depicted four as the same, but all ancient cultures depicted the number five differently than the first three numbers. Deheane tries to explain the pheneomena of number representation changing at four by describing how humans subitize numbers in groups of four. He points out that when humans approximate a number of items they can do it perfectly from 1 to three, they slightly drop off in effectiveness at four, but at five there is an extreme steep decline in accuarcy. Therefore it has been concluded by scientists that the human number approximation system is limited at four. Cowan had a book where he discussed the phenomena of 7 plus or minus two for working memory, but he reworked his findings and discovered that humans really only have a working memory that is effective at around four items. Also when doing dot following studies, scientists discoered that humans can follow three dots well and determine which dot is which, but at four they have difficulty. But at five it is impossible to follow all of the dots. Deheane believes that cultures represented four different than one two and three because of the way that humans subitize numbers, and the cutoff at the number four. But the quadrant model explains why it is that four is different. Four is different because it is the transition from one quadrant to the next, and reality is the quadrant reality, founded upon the quadrant pattern. Four is always different, and five is always questionable/ultra transcendent. Also it was discovered that humans can imagine a maximum of sixteen squares in their minds. There are 16 squares in the quadrant modelThe Aztecs described that the numbers one through four was order, although they saw four as different and sacred. They said that five is chaos. They argued that they were living in the fifth world because five represented chaos to them. Four is always different, five is ultra transcendent and questionable.

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Empedocles saw the four elements as four Gods, and he said that these four predated existence and created all of existence. The fourth, again, he saw as different. Amerindian, African, Asian, Middle Eastern, cultures from every part of the world had origin myths that described four Gods, with the fourth being different. That is the quadrant pattern. Two examples are the Greeks who described four primordial Gods and the Babylonians who said there was four primordial Gods who created all of the other gods and everything. It is interesting to note that scholars point out that the fourth God is depicted as different and they hypothesize originally the Babylonians had three primary Gods but added the fourth. The three plus one pattern. Even the Cannanite Pantheon had four levels. The Egyptians described four pairs of primordial Gods. The Hindus stated that at the beginning Krishna made two quadruple expansions, forming two tetrads. The gnostics argued at the beginning of existence was two tetrads, and that Jesus was formed from the second tetrad. Amerindian groups would speak of four creators the fourth being different. For instance, the Hawaiians had four main primary Gods, and the fourth was a lot different, and Christian missionaries saw the fourth as like Satan. The quadrant pattern is truly seen everywhere in the world and is the dominant pattern.

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Similarly there are four primary tastes. Bitter and sweet is the duality. Sour is the third bad one. Salty is the transcendent fourth. A questionable, ultra transcendent fifth, umami, has been proposed. Salt is NaCl. Umami is mono sodium glutamate. Both salt and umami have sodium in them. Sodium is Na. The fourth always points to/indicates the nature of the fifth. The fourth and fifth are transcendent- fifth is ultra transcendent and questionable. A lot of scientists say that there is four primary tastes and they do not include umami as a separate taste. The fifth is always questionable.

There are also five primary senses, but they fulfill the same 3+1+1 or 3+2 pattern/4+1, and Aristotle even argued there are actually four. The similar three are sight, the first square, hearing, the second square (hearing is social and thus brings about order and homeostasis and also the ear is responsible for balance, which is homeostasis. The third square is always the most physical. The third sense is touch. The first three are all called mechanoreceptors. Taste is a chemical receptor. It is the transcendent fourth. Taste is also the opposite of hearing. The mouth and the ear are oppoosites. One speaks the other listens. The second quadrant is opposite the fourth always, but in the same way connected, in that you cannot hear unless you speak. The fifth ultra transcendent sense is smell, which is also a chemical receptor. Both taste and smell are different in that they are chemical recepotrs. It is interesting that taste and smell are so linked. The fourth always points to the fifth. Aristotle said there really is four senses, and he linked the four senses to the four elements. The fourth sense, taste, Aristole said was really just an aspect of touch, so he said that taste and touch were one sense. He noted there are four sense organs, and Aristotle said there were really four senses because taste and touch were one sense. The fourth is always different- fifth always questionable. It is fascinating that Aristotle saw the fourth sense as related to fire, and even described the fourth as different from the previous three, elucidating the quadrant pattern of the transcendent fourth. Details on Aristotles findings are in the philosophy quadrant page. Another example of the five really being four (the fifth questionable ultra transcendent) and the fourth being transcendent is Euclid's five postulates. According to mathematicians, Euclids fifth postulate is incorrect. Euclids postulates were the foundation for all of geometry, and one of the most popular books behind the Bible, Euclid's Elements. But the fifth is false. Some mathematicians say that Euclid intentionally made the fifth postulate false in order so that mathematicians would discover new geometries from it. But Euclid did not really use the fifth postulate or need it in The Elements. His fourth postulate is different. It is actually about right angles which are quadrants. Ancient mathematicians even saw the fourth postulate as different/transcendent, saying it was not really a postulate. The fourth is always different, fifth questionable.

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It was also once believed that there were six primary emotions. But scientists have established that there are four primary emotions, and that humans can only statistically accurately distinguish between four types of emotions. It was once thought that disgust and surprise were two of the six primary emotions. But facial recognition studies demonstrated that humans cannot statistically differentiate between disgust and anger, and surprise and fear. So scientists have determined that there are four primary emotions, happy, sad, anger, and fear. Again there is the fundamental four, and the fourth is different. Fear is the different fourth.

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It also used to be that scientists thought that there was six degrees of separation between people. There is the famous book, 6 Degrees of Separation. However, studies showed that with facebook and other social media, there is in fact four degrees of separation between people.